TEXT 5 Answer the questions from 54 to 60 according to the text 5.
Ukraine-Russia War: Impact on Gas, Stocks, Inflation and the US Economy
Stock prices rebounded Friday, but the invasion of Ukraine could bring about many disruptions to the US economy.
Russia's invasion of Ukraine intensified on Saturday as troops continued to march on the capital Kyiv, which has instituted a citywide curfew from 5 p.m. local time Saturday until 8 a.m. Monday. US defense officials report that Russian troops launched more than 250 missiles at Ukraine Saturday but have been slow to advance on Kyiv, per ABC News. The attacks have virtually shut down shipping in Ukraine, a country with massive agricultural production, particularly corn and wheat. Russia and Ukraine are also major suppliers of metals and other industrial commodities, while Russia is one of the world's largest oil and gas producers. The invasion not only has ramifications for political stability in Europe and around the world, it's also straining a global economy already weakened by inflation, rising energy prices, the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and a constrained supply chain. Here's how Russia's attacks on Ukraine, and the resulting economic sanctions from the West, are affecting Americans and people around the world.
Gas and oil prices on the rise
Russia's invasion of Ukraine has caused global energy prices to spike, with crude oil rising Thursday above $105 a barrel for the first time since 2014. The price cooled down a bit later on Thursday and Friday, and currently sits around $92.50 a barrel, according to OilPrice.com. Per AARP, the average price of gas in the US on Saturday was $3.60 a gallon, up slightly from $3.57 on Friday. Russia is one of the world's largest producers of crude oil and natural gas, providing roughly 40% of the European Union's gas. Sanctions from the West could affect access to that supply, especially with Germany putting a halt to the Nord Stream 2 pipeline that was intended to bring natural gas from Russia to the EU via the Baltic Sea.
Continued inflation
Russia is the largest exporter and second-largest producer of palladium, a metal used in mobile phones, automotive exhaust systems, fuel cells and even jewelry and dental fillings. Rising prices of palladium and other essential metals could lead to price increases for manufacturers and, ultimately, consumers. "We could see a new burst of inflation," the American Enterprise Institute's Christopher Miller told The New York Times.
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More cyberattacks
The US Departments of Treasury and Homeland Security have both sounded the alarm over possible cyberattacks on US banks, hospitals, government offices and power grids in retaliation for sanctions against Moscow. On Thursday morning local time, websites for the Ukrainian cabinet and foreign affairs and education ministries were all experiencing disruptions. Herbert Lin, senior research scholar at Stanford's Center for International Security and Cooperation, told the Atlantic's Rachel Gutman that the Russians have elevated cyberattacks to an "art form." Though US banks have been heightening their defenses, Lin added, utilities in larger cities might be more at risk because they lack the extra funding for cybersecurity. Lin discouraged a panicked response by everyday Americans but said having extra cash and a go bag might not be a bad idea. He underscored that those items should always be in place regardless.
Rising food prices
Food prices have already gone up in the US and abroad, and the dent in wallets could get bigger with the Russian invasion. Ukraine is one of the top five corn exporters in the world, trading some 35.9 million metric tons in 2019 alone. An extended open conflict would likely see prices go up in Europe, not just for corn itself but also for related goods, including cooking oil, corn syrup and livestock feed. Soybean prices have also surged in the US in recent months, following an unusually poor crop in South America.
If US farmers have to make up the difference in both corn and soybeans, which compete for land, prices for both crops will likely rise in the United States, as will the cost of packaged goods made with them. Russia is the world's largest exporter of wheat, a crop that Ukraine exports as well, commodities economist Arlan Suderman told MarketWatch. Together the two nations account for nearly a third (29%) of the global wheat trade. "A prolonged military conflict that disrupts trade could make much of that wheat unavailable to the export market," Suderman said. The US doesn't rely on Russian wheat -- Egypt, Turkey and Bangladesh are the biggest importers -- but the trade disruption could affect global prices on flour, pasta, bread, pizza and other wheat products. On the Chicago Board of Trade, wheat futures jumped by as much as 5.7% on Thursday, to just over $9.34 a bushel, the highest price since 2012. Soybean prices also leaped to a nine-year high, while corn climbed to an eight-month peak. Rates on all three futures have started to contract, with overnight losses of between 2% and 3%.
Available at: https://www.cnet.com/how-to/ukraine-russia-war-impact-on-gas-stocks-inflation-and-the-us-economy/. Access on: Feb. 27th 2022 (adapted).
In “Though US banks have been heightening their defenses, Lin added, utilities in larger cities might be more at risk because they lack the extra funding for cybersecurity“:
In ‘Wipe the tears from your eyes”, the underlined word could be replaced, without prejudice to meaning, by:
According to the text, today, teachers teach because
TEXT 8
Answer the questions 71 and 72 according to the text 8.
The sentence “Don’t trash” is in:
All the words below could be considered as antonyms to the word “happiness”, except for:
Afirma-se que há “ativismo congressual” quando
Considerando as resoluções, recomendações e provimentos do Conselho Nacional de Justiça, assinale a alternativa INCORRETA
“A hipótese que é aqui sugerida como uma substituta para as teorias convencionais é a de que a criminalidade de colarinho branco, assim como outras criminalidades, é aprendida; ela é aprendida através da comunicação direta ou indireta com aqueles que já praticaram o comportamento criminoso; e aqueles que aprendem o comportamento criminoso são segregados de contatos frequentes e íntimos com o comportamento de respeito às leis. Se uma pessoa irá se tornar criminosa ou não isso depende fundamentalmente da frequência e intimidade de seus contatos com dois tipos de comportamentos.”
SUTHERLAND, Edwin H. White-collar criminality. American Sociological Review, v. 5, number 1, February, 1940.
Sutherland, em 1940, propôs a expressão “White-collar crime” para os crimes praticados por pessoas respeitáveis e com status social elevado. Esse conceito foi formulado tendo como pressuposto as ideias expostas na teoria
Após uma discussão com Bruno, Rubens resolve adquirir um revólver para matá-lo. Com animus necandi, Rubens vai até a casa em que Bruno reside e, munido do revólver, efetua disparos de arma de fogo em sua direção. Os disparos atingem Bruno, que morre imediatamente. Todavia, em virtude de imprudência, os disparos também atingem o filho de Bruno, César, que sofre lesões corporais.
Diante dessa situação hipotética e considerando o entendimento do Superior Tribunal de Justiça sobre o tema, Rubens deverá responder por
João portava arma de fogo de uso permitido em via pública quando, ao amarrar seu calçado, ela disparou, sem, no entanto, atingir ninguém. Devido ao barulho provocado, a polícia foi acionada e abordou João, localizando o armamento e constatando que o seu registro de cautela estava vencido.
Nessa situação hipotética, João
Considere a seguinte situação hipotética:
Ângelo, primário e com bons antecedentes, foi condenado pela prática do crime de roubo majorado pelo emprego de arma de fogo. Nesse caso, para que progrida de regime, além de boa conduta carcerária, será necessário o cumprimento de
“Emerge da crescente valorização dos princípios constitucionais o farol que guia a hermenêutica do direito privado, nesta reviravolta que pôde ser alcunhada de Virada de Copérnico. Esta Virada tem sido objeto de constantes debates no Supremo Tribunal Federal.”
FACHIN, Luiz Edson. OPINIÃO: Código Civil: vinte anos depois, regras e princípios atestam resiliência. Disponível em: https://www.conjur.com.br/2022-jan-10/luiz-edson-fachin-codigo-civil-vinte-anos-depois. Acesso em 10 jan. 2022.
Assinale a alternativa correta de acordo com as teses de repercussão geral na jurisprudência do STF.
De acordo com o Código Civil e os posicionamentos enunciados nas Jornadas de Direito Civil do Conselho de Justiça Federal, assinale a alternativa correta sobre cláusulas contratuais e sua validade.
Jair, assistido pela Defensoria Pública, propôs ação em face de Sérgio, ao argumento de que este não teria cumprido sua obrigação (entrega de uma motocicleta) em contrato de compra e venda de veículo automotor. O demandado, devidamente citado, apresentou contestação, por meio da qual alegou, dentre outras teses, que não o fez porque Jair não depositou o valor da transferência do bem, conforme ambos haviam combinado, fato que o autor afirma não existir. A Defensoria Pública que atua no processo, então, foi intimada para, querendo, apresentar impugnação à contestação.
Com base nessa situação hipotética, a fim de assegurar o direito da parte assistida,
Analise as assertivas a seguir, que tratam do recurso adesivo, e assinale a alternativa correta.
I. A jurisprudência do STJ orienta que o recurso adesivo não fica limitado à matéria tratada no recurso principal, podendo impugnar capítulo diverso da decisão.
II. Nos termos do CPC, somente será cabível recurso adesivo na apelação, no recurso extraordinário e no recurso especial.
III. O não conhecimento do agravo em recurso especial principal torna prejudicado o recurso adesivo e seu respectivo agravo.
IV. Conforme entendimento firmado no STJ, na hipótese de interposição de recurso nominado pela parte como apelação, com fundamento no art. 1.009 do CPC, admite-se o recebimento de recurso principal como adesivo, desde que a matéria tratada no recurso subordinado tenha correlação com o principal.
