Sabendo que a compensação ambiental é um importante instrumento para o fortalecimento do Sistema Nacional de Unidades de Conservação da Natureza (SNUC), julgue os itens subsequentes.
Para fins de fixação da compensação ambiental, o grau de impacto é estabelecido com base em estudo prévio de impacto ambiental e respectivo relatório (EIA/RIMA), ocasião em que se consideram, exclusivamente, os impactos ambientais negativos sobre o meio ambiente.
No que se refere a conceitos, princípios e iniciativas ambientais, julgue os itens seguintes.
A A3P se destina às empresas privadas brasileiras e tem como objetivo incentivar essas empresas a implementarem práticas de sustentabilidade.
Text CB1A8
The idea of giving rights to animals has long been contentious, but a deeper look into the reasoning behind the
philosophy reveals ideas that aren’t all that radical. Animal rights advocates want to distinguish animals from inanimate objects, as
they are so often considered by exploitative industries and the law. The animal rights movement strives to make the public
aware of the fact that animals are sensitive, emotional, and intelligent beings who deserve dignity and respect. But first, it’s
important to understand what the term “animal rights” really means.
Animal rights are moral principles grounded in the belief that non-human animals deserve the ability to live as they wish,
without being subjected to the desires of human beings. At the core of animal rights is autonomy, which is another way of
saying choice. In many countries, human rights are enshrined to protect certain freedoms, such as the right to expression, freedom
from torture, and access to democracy. Of course, these choices are constrained depending on social locations like race, class, and
gender, but generally speaking, human rights safeguard the basic tenets of what makes human lives worth living. Animal rights
aim to do something similar, only for non-human animals.
Animal rights come into direct opposition with animal exploitation, which includes animals used by humans for a
variety of reasons, be it for food, as experimental objects, or even pets. Animal rights can also be violated when it comes to human
destruction of animal habitats. This negatively impacts the ability of animals to lead full lives of their choosing.
Internet: <thehumaneleague.org > (adapted).
Considering the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the items below.
We can infer from the text that even the act of eating animals may be considered infringe animal rights.
Considerando as disposições da Constituição Federal, julgue os itens a seguir.
Parte dos resultados da lavra de riquezas minerais em terras indígenas deve ser obrigatoriamente destinada à comunidade indígena afetada.
Considerando as disposições da Constituição Federal, julgue os itens a seguir.
Fiscalizar as concessões de exploração de recursos hídricos é da competência exclusiva dos estados e do Distrito Federal.
Considerando que representa uma variável aleatória com suporte ∈ {−2, −1, 0, +1, +2}, cuja função de distribuição de probabilidade é dada no quadro acima, na qual c é uma constante real positiva, julgue os próximos itens.
A média de X é igual a zero.
Supondo que V e W sejam duas variáveis contínuas e mutuamente independentes, tais que P(V > 0) = 0,3 e P(W > 0) = 0,7, julgue o próximo item.
O primeiro quartil da variável V é inferior a zero.
Com base na curva ou fronteira de possibilidades de produção em uma economia de dois produtos (alimento e vestuário), representada no gráfico precedente, julgue o próximo item.
O que explica o deslocamento do ponto b para o ponto e é o custo de oportunidade de se produzir mais vestuário em detrimento de alimentos.
Texto CB1A6-I
La arquitectura industrial
La arquitectura industrial o también llamada arquitectura del hierro, tiene su auge en el siglo XIX tras la Revolución Industrial. El origen de este estilo arquitectónico viene precedido por la incorporación de materiales como el hierro, el acero laminado, el hormigón armado y el vidrio.
Surgió la necesidad de espacios grandes y luminosos, capaces de albergar maquinaria y personal suficiente para desarrollar la actividad de las fábricas. De igual forma, existía la necesidad de potenciar el ferrocarril y dar paso a la ingeniería civil e industrial con el desarrollo de estaciones de ferrocarriles, puentes, grandes mercados, hospitales, etc.
El estilo de la arquitectura industrial se caracteriza por ser funcional y minimalista. La estética de la arquitectura industrial se enfoca en la eficiencia y en la optimización de los procesos de producción, por lo que no suele incluir elementos decorativos innecesarios.
Internet: (con adaptaciones).
Llevando en consideración el texto CB1A6-I, juzgue los siguientes ítems
En el enunciado “la ingeniería civil e industrial” (en el segundo párrafo), si alteramos el orden de los vocablos “civil” e “industrial”, lo correcto será la ingeniería industrial y civil.
Texto CB1A6-III
Puente Transbordador de Vizcaya
Nombrado Patrimonio de la Humanidad por la UNESCO, cuenta con una estructura de 4 pies de hierro que soportan una longitud de 146 m y una altura de 61 m y está sujeta por 8 cables de acero. Este puente, que es el responsable por unir las dos bandas de la ría de Bilbao, fue hecho para el turismo hacia los balnearios burgueses de la época, ahorrando un camino en carretera de 20 km.
Para el transporte de vehículos y pasajeros, dispone de una barquilla capaz de albergar 6 vehículos y hasta 200 personas en un trayecto de minuto y medio.
Desde luego, una obra maestra de la ingeniería de la época que está más basada en la necesidad social del momento y en la funcionalidad que en la añadidura de elementos superfluos.
Internet: <inesem.es> (con adaptaciones).
A partir de las informaciones contenidas en el texto CB1A6-III, juzgue los siguientes ítems
La construcción destacada en el texto carecía de función, pero se destacaba por la inmensidad de su estructura de hierro.
A respeito da determinação dos salários no modelo novo-keynesiano e no clássico, julgue o item a seguir.
A perspectiva clássica enfatiza a capacidade dos mercados de alcançar equilíbrio e eficiência por conta própria, enquanto o modelo novo-keynesiano reconhece a possibilidade de desequilíbrios persistentes devido a rigidezes e imperfeições no mercado, sugerindo um papel mais ativo da política econômica na estabilização da economia.
Using your phone while on the toilet poses significant health risks, as warned by an expert, Dr. Sethi. Despite being a common habit, mindlessly scrolling or using your phone in the bathroom can lead to severe consequences. Dr. Sethi, a Harvard-trained stomach doctor, highlights that this practice, particularly during bowel movements, causes extended sitting that strains the rectum and anus, potentially resulting in hemorrhoids, anal fissures, and rectal prolapse.
Furthermore, using phones in the bathroom makes them a breeding ground for bacteria, surpassing the hygiene levels of a public toilet seat. Dr. Sethi emphasizes the importance of avoiding phone usage while on the toilet or, if unavoidable, suggests disinfecting the phone afterward. Research spanning over a decade has consistently shown that phones harbor a significant amount of germs, including fecal matter.
Despite these health warnings, over 65% of adults take their phones into the bathroom, with Spain having the highest usage rates (nearly 80%) and Germany the lowest (just under 55%). Interestingly, younger age groups, particularly those aged 26-41 and 18-25, are most likely to engage in this unhygienic behavior. Apart from health concerns, there’s the practical risk of dropping the phone into the toilet, with a fifth of respondents in the United States admitting to this mishap.
Internet: <www.mirror.co.uk> (adapted).
Based on the previous text, judge the following items.
The correct translation of the excerpt “Furthermore, using phones in the bathroom makes them a breeding ground for bacteria” to Portuguese is Além disso, usar telefones no banheiro faz deles um terreno fértil para bactérias.
Does Snoozing Your Alarm Really Increase Sleepiness?
Snoozing the alarm doesn’t necessarily mean you’ll feel groggy the rest of the day. But it’s important to get as much sleep as you can. Getting up early in the morning is no easy task for plenty of people. That’s why alarms are important — they ensure that you wake up at your desired time. However, nobody can deny how tempting it is to try and squeeze in a few more minutes of sleep.
According to a survey, about 57 percent of people snooze in the morning, which is defined as needing multiple alarms to wake up. If you set a single alarm and snooze it repeatedly or set several alarms at regular intervals until the time you absolutely need to get up, you are a snoozer. Waking up on the first alarm is commonly recommended, but does it really make a difference if you are woken up by one alarm compared to several ones? In a recent sleep study, researchers examine how snoozing affects an individual’s health and sleep.
According to the study, people snooze for a variety of reasons. Most of the participants said that they just can’t get up with only the first alarm. Some say they snooze because they feel comfortable in bed, while others do it because they feel less tired when they do get up. A researcher said that snoozing might be a sign that people are waking up because of important scheduled activities — like school or work — rather than because they have adequately rested.
Internet: <www.discovermagazine.com> (adapted)
According to the preceding text, judge the following items.
For a lot of people, getting up early in the morning is considered to be a hard task.
La chercheuse Anne L’Huillier a reçu le prix Nobel de physique, mardi 3 octobre, en compagnie de Pierre Agostini et Ferenc Krausz pour leurs travaux sur l’attoseconde. L’enseignante en physique atomique à l’université de Lund en Suède a appris la nouvelle à la pause de son cours. Malgré la nouvelle, elle a choisi de n’avertir personne et de retourner enseigner comme si de rien n’était. Une photo diffusée sur les réseaux sociaux immortalise ce moment où Anne L’Huillier, téléphone en main, prend connaissance de la nouvelle.
La victoire est pourtant historique. Depuis Marie Curie en 1903, aucune autre française n’avait obtenu cette distinction. Dans l’histoire, Anne L’Huillier est la seconde Française à recevoir la distinction du Nobel de physique et seulement la cinquième femme dans cette discipline depuis 1901. […]
La découverte qui a permis à cette femme d’obtenir le Nobel date de 1987, lorsque elle effectue au Commissariat français à l’énergie atomique la première démonstration expérimentale d’impulsion laser à l’échelle de l’attoseconde, un milliardième de milliardième de seconde. […]
Tout en se réjouissant de cette reconnaissance, elle espère toutefois pouvoir en tirer des bénéfices concrets pour la société.
Internet: <www.elle.fr> (adapté).
Jugez les propositions suivantes concernant le contenu et les aspects linguistiques du texte présenté ci-dessus.
Historiquement parlant, Anne L’Huillier est la deuxième femme au monde à recevoir le Prix Nobel de physique.
Considerando a situação de um mercado de dois bens e dois agentes em que cada um destes tenha a dotação inicial desses bens, e assumindo que as preferências sejam racionais, convexas, contínuas e monotônicas, julgue os itens que se seguem, com base na teoria do equilíbrio geral.
Segundo a lei de Walras, havendo troca na situação descrita, a soma das demandas excedentes dos dois bens deve ser igual a zero.
