Read the text below to answer the questions 11-15.
NASA Researchers Studying Advanced Nuclear
Rocket Technologies
January 9, 2013
By using an innovative test facility at NASA's Marshall
Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., researchers are able to
use non-nuclear materials to simulate nuclear thermal rocket
fuels – ones capable of propelling bold new exploration missions
to the Red Planet and beyond. The Nuclear Cryogenic
Propulsion Stage team is tackling a three-year project to
demonstrate the viability of nuclear propulsion system
technologies. A nuclear rocket engine uses a nuclear reactor to
heat hydrogen to very high temperatures, which expands
through a nozzle to generate thrust. Nuclear rocket engines
generate higher thrust and are more than twice as efficient as
conventional chemical rocket engines.
The team recently used Marshall's Nuclear Thermal
Rocket Element Environmental Simulator, or NTREES, to
perform realistic, non-nuclear testing of various materials for
nuclear thermal rocket fuel elements. In an actual reactor, the
fuel elements would contain uranium, but no radioactive
materials are used during the NTREES tests. Among the fuel
options are a graphite composite and a "cermet" composite – a
blend of ceramics and metals. Both materials were investigated
in previous NASA and U.S. Department of Energy research
efforts.
Nuclear-powered rocket concepts are not new; the United
States conducted studies and significant ground testing from
1955 to 1973 to determine the viability of nuclear propulsion
systems, but ceased testing when plans for a crewed Mars
mission were deferred.
The NTREES facility is designed to test fuel elements and
materials in hot flowing hydrogen, reaching pressures up to
1,000 pounds per square inch and temperatures of nearly 5,000
degrees Fahrenheit – conditions that simulate space-based
nuclear propulsion systems to provide baseline data critical to
the research team.
"This is vital testing, helping us reduce risks and costs
associated with advanced propulsion technologies and ensuring
excellent performance and results as we progress toward further
system development and testing," said Mike Houts, project
manager for nuclear systems at Marshall.
A first-generation nuclear cryogenic propulsion system
could propel human explorers to Mars more efficiently than
conventional spacecraft, reducing crews' exposure to harmful
space radiation and other effects of long-term space missions. It
could also transport heavy cargo and science payloads. Further
development and use of a first-generation nuclear system could
also provide the foundation for developing extremely advanced
propulsion technologies and systems in the future – ones that
could take human crews even farther into the solar system.
Building on previous, successful research and using the
NTREES facility, NASA can safely and thoroughly test simulated
nuclear fuel elements of various sizes, providing important test
data to support the design of a future Nuclear Cryogenic
Propulsion Stage. A nuclear cryogenic upper stage – its liquidhydrogen
propellant chilled to super-cold temperatures for
launch – would be designed to be safe during all mission phases
and would not be started until the spacecraft had reached a safe
orbit and was ready to begin its journey to a distant destination.
Prior to startup in a safe orbit, the nuclear system would be cold,
with no fission products generated from nuclear operations, and
with radiation below significant levels.
"The information we gain using this test facility will permit
engineers to design rugged, efficient fuel elements and nuclear
propulsion systems," said NASA researcher Bill Emrich, who
manages the NTREES facility at Marshall. "It's our hope that it
will enable us to develop a reliable, cost-effective nuclear rocket
engine in the not-too-distant future."
The Nuclear Cryogenic Propulsion Stage project is part of
the Advanced Exploration Systems program, which is managed
by NASA's Human Exploration and Operations Mission
Directorate and includes participation by the U.S. Department of
Energy. The program, which focuses on crew safety and mission
operations in deep space, seeks to pioneer new approaches for
rapidly developing prototype systems, demonstrating key
capabilities and validating operational concepts for future vehicle
development and human missions beyond Earth orbit.
Marshall researchers are partnering on the project with
NASA's Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio; NASA's
Johnson Space Center in Houston; Idaho National Laboratory in
Idaho Falls; Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos,
N.M.; and Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tenn.
The Marshall Center leads development of the Space
Launch System for NASA. The Science & Technology Office at
Marshall strives to apply advanced concepts and capabilities to
the research, development and management of a broad
spectrum of NASA programs, projects and activities that fall at
the very intersection of science and exploration, where every
discovery and achievement furthers scientific knowledge and
understanding, and supports the agency's ambitious mission to
expand humanity's reach across the solar system. The NTREES
test facility is just one of numerous cutting-edge space
propulsion and science research facilities housed in the state-ofthe-art
Propulsion Research & Development Laboratory at
Marshall, contributing to development of the Space Launch
System and a variety of other NASA programs and missions.
Available in: http://www.nasa.gov
Read the excerpt below taken from the text. “The program, which focuses on crew safety and mission operations in deep space, seeks to pioneer new approaches for rapidly developing prototype systems, demonstrating key capabilities and validating operational concepts for future vehicle development and human missions beyond Earth orbit.” Choose the alternative that presents the words that best substitutes, respectively, the bold and underlined ones in the sentences above.
Read the text below to answer questions 16-20.
Background
The Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP) started in
1948. Since that time, the NNPP has provided safe and effective
propulsion systems to power submarines, surface combatants,
and aircraft carriers. Today, nuclear propulsion enables virtually
undetectable US Navy submarines, including the sea-based leg
of the strategic triad, and provides essentially inexhaustible
propulsion power independent of forward logistical support to
both our submarines and aircraft carriers. Over forty percent of
the Navy's major combatant ships are nuclear-powered, and
because of their demonstrated safety and reliability, these ships
have access to seaports throughout the world. The NNPP has
consistently sought the best way to affordably meet Navy
requirements by evaluating, developing, and delivering a variety
of reactor types, fuel systems, and structural materials. The
Program has investigated many different fuel systems and
reactor design features, and has designed, built, and operated
over thirty different reactor designs in over twenty plant types to
employ the most promising of these developments in practical
applications. Improvements in naval reactor design have allowed
increased power and energy to keep pace with the operational
requirements of the modern nuclear fleet, while maintaining a
conservative design approach that ensures reliability and safety
to the crew, the public, and the environment. As just one
example of the progress that has been made, the earliest
reactor core designs in the NAUTILUS required refueling after
about two years while modern reactor cores can last the life of a
submarine, or over thirty years without refueling. These
improvements have been the result of prudent, conservative
engineering, backed by analysis, testing, and prototyping. The
NNPP was also a pioneer in developing basic technologies and
transferring technology to the civilian nuclear electric power
industry. For example, the Program demonstrated the feasibility
of commercial nuclear power generation in this country by
designing, constructing and operating the Shipping port Atomic
Power Station in Pennsylvania and showing the feasibility of a
thorium-based breeder reactor.
In: Report on Low Enriched Uranium for Naval Reactor Cores. Page 1.
Report to Congress, January 2014.
Office of Naval Reactors. US Dept. of Energy. DC 2058
http://fissilematerials.org/library/doe14.pdf
Choose the alternative in which the bold and underlined word has the same grammar function as the one below. “The NNPP has consistently sought the best way to affordably meet Navy requirements by evaluating, developing, and delivering a variety of reactor types, fuel systems, and structural materials.”
Considerando a Lei nº 11.079/2004, que institui normas
gerais para licitação e contratação de parceria públicoprivada,
no âmbito da Administração Pública, analise as
assertivas abaixo.
I.Parceria público-privada é o contrato administrativo
de concessão, na modalidade patrocinada ou
administrativa. Concessão administrativa é o
contrato de prestação de serviços de que a
Administração Pública seja a usuária direta ou
indireta, ainda que envolva execução de obra ou
fornecimento e instalação de bens.
II.Na contratação de parceria público-privada, será
observada, entre outras diretrizes, a repartição
objetiva de riscos entre as partes.
III.A contratação de parceria público-privada será
precedida de licitação na modalidade Tomada de
Preços.
É correto o que se afirma em
Com relação ao disposto no artigo 10, da Portaria Interministerial CGU/MF/MP nº 507/2011, é vedada a celebração de convênios I.com entidades públicas e privadas com ou sem fins lucrativos que não comprovem ter desenvolvido, nos últimos 5 (cinco) anos, atividades referentes à matéria objeto do convênio. II.com pessoas físicas ou entidades privadas com fins lucrativos. III.entre órgãos e entidades da Administração Pública federal, casos em que deverão ser firmados termos de cooperação. É correto o que está contido em
A Lei nº 9.784/1999 regula o processo administrativo no âmbito da Administração Pública federal. Considerando essa lei, sobre o processo administrativo em âmbito federal, assinale a alternativa correta.
Um investidor aplicou R$200.000,00 durante 2 anos em uma modalidade de investimento que oferece juros simples de 2% a.m.. Diante do exposto, é correto afirmar que o rendimento total do investimento após este período foi de
Read the text below to answer the questions 11-15.
NASA Researchers Studying Advanced Nuclear
Rocket Technologies
January 9, 2013
By using an innovative test facility at NASA's Marshall
Space Flight Center in Huntsville, Ala., researchers are able to
use non-nuclear materials to simulate nuclear thermal rocket
fuels – ones capable of propelling bold new exploration missions
to the Red Planet and beyond. The Nuclear Cryogenic
Propulsion Stage team is tackling a three-year project to
demonstrate the viability of nuclear propulsion system
technologies. A nuclear rocket engine uses a nuclear reactor to
heat hydrogen to very high temperatures, which expands
through a nozzle to generate thrust. Nuclear rocket engines
generate higher thrust and are more than twice as efficient as
conventional chemical rocket engines.
The team recently used Marshall's Nuclear Thermal
Rocket Element Environmental Simulator, or NTREES, to
perform realistic, non-nuclear testing of various materials for
nuclear thermal rocket fuel elements. In an actual reactor, the
fuel elements would contain uranium, but no radioactive
materials are used during the NTREES tests. Among the fuel
options are a graphite composite and a "cermet" composite – a
blend of ceramics and metals. Both materials were investigated
in previous NASA and U.S. Department of Energy research
efforts.
Nuclear-powered rocket concepts are not new; the United
States conducted studies and significant ground testing from
1955 to 1973 to determine the viability of nuclear propulsion
systems, but ceased testing when plans for a crewed Mars
mission were deferred.
The NTREES facility is designed to test fuel elements and
materials in hot flowing hydrogen, reaching pressures up to
1,000 pounds per square inch and temperatures of nearly 5,000
degrees Fahrenheit – conditions that simulate space-based
nuclear propulsion systems to provide baseline data critical to
the research team.
"This is vital testing, helping us reduce risks and costs
associated with advanced propulsion technologies and ensuring
excellent performance and results as we progress toward further
system development and testing," said Mike Houts, project
manager for nuclear systems at Marshall.
A first-generation nuclear cryogenic propulsion system
could propel human explorers to Mars more efficiently than
conventional spacecraft, reducing crews' exposure to harmful
space radiation and other effects of long-term space missions. It
could also transport heavy cargo and science payloads. Further
development and use of a first-generation nuclear system could
also provide the foundation for developing extremely advanced
propulsion technologies and systems in the future – ones that
could take human crews even farther into the solar system.
Building on previous, successful research and using the
NTREES facility, NASA can safely and thoroughly test simulated
nuclear fuel elements of various sizes, providing important test
data to support the design of a future Nuclear Cryogenic
Propulsion Stage. A nuclear cryogenic upper stage – its liquidhydrogen
propellant chilled to super-cold temperatures for
launch – would be designed to be safe during all mission phases
and would not be started until the spacecraft had reached a safe
orbit and was ready to begin its journey to a distant destination.
Prior to startup in a safe orbit, the nuclear system would be cold,
with no fission products generated from nuclear operations, and
with radiation below significant levels.
"The information we gain using this test facility will permit
engineers to design rugged, efficient fuel elements and nuclear
propulsion systems," said NASA researcher Bill Emrich, who
manages the NTREES facility at Marshall. "It's our hope that it
will enable us to develop a reliable, cost-effective nuclear rocket
engine in the not-too-distant future."
The Nuclear Cryogenic Propulsion Stage project is part of
the Advanced Exploration Systems program, which is managed
by NASA's Human Exploration and Operations Mission
Directorate and includes participation by the U.S. Department of
Energy. The program, which focuses on crew safety and mission
operations in deep space, seeks to pioneer new approaches for
rapidly developing prototype systems, demonstrating key
capabilities and validating operational concepts for future vehicle
development and human missions beyond Earth orbit.
Marshall researchers are partnering on the project with
NASA's Glenn Research Center in Cleveland, Ohio; NASA's
Johnson Space Center in Houston; Idaho National Laboratory in
Idaho Falls; Los Alamos National Laboratory in Los Alamos,
N.M.; and Oak Ridge National Laboratory in Oak Ridge, Tenn.
The Marshall Center leads development of the Space
Launch System for NASA. The Science & Technology Office at
Marshall strives to apply advanced concepts and capabilities to
the research, development and management of a broad
spectrum of NASA programs, projects and activities that fall at
the very intersection of science and exploration, where every
discovery and achievement furthers scientific knowledge and
understanding, and supports the agency's ambitious mission to
expand humanity's reach across the solar system. The NTREES
test facility is just one of numerous cutting-edge space
propulsion and science research facilities housed in the state-ofthe-art
Propulsion Research & Development Laboratory at
Marshall, contributing to development of the Space Launch
System and a variety of other NASA programs and missions.
Available in: http://www.nasa.gov
According to the text, one of the NASA’s Marshall Space Flight Center cutting-edge research facility is called
Read the text below to answer questions 16-20.
Background
The Naval Nuclear Propulsion Program (NNPP) started in
1948. Since that time, the NNPP has provided safe and effective
propulsion systems to power submarines, surface combatants,
and aircraft carriers. Today, nuclear propulsion enables virtually
undetectable US Navy submarines, including the sea-based leg
of the strategic triad, and provides essentially inexhaustible
propulsion power independent of forward logistical support to
both our submarines and aircraft carriers. Over forty percent of
the Navy's major combatant ships are nuclear-powered, and
because of their demonstrated safety and reliability, these ships
have access to seaports throughout the world. The NNPP has
consistently sought the best way to affordably meet Navy
requirements by evaluating, developing, and delivering a variety
of reactor types, fuel systems, and structural materials. The
Program has investigated many different fuel systems and
reactor design features, and has designed, built, and operated
over thirty different reactor designs in over twenty plant types to
employ the most promising of these developments in practical
applications. Improvements in naval reactor design have allowed
increased power and energy to keep pace with the operational
requirements of the modern nuclear fleet, while maintaining a
conservative design approach that ensures reliability and safety
to the crew, the public, and the environment. As just one
example of the progress that has been made, the earliest
reactor core designs in the NAUTILUS required refueling after
about two years while modern reactor cores can last the life of a
submarine, or over thirty years without refueling. These
improvements have been the result of prudent, conservative
engineering, backed by analysis, testing, and prototyping. The
NNPP was also a pioneer in developing basic technologies and
transferring technology to the civilian nuclear electric power
industry. For example, the Program demonstrated the feasibility
of commercial nuclear power generation in this country by
designing, constructing and operating the Shipping port Atomic
Power Station in Pennsylvania and showing the feasibility of a
thorium-based breeder reactor.
In: Report on Low Enriched Uranium for Naval Reactor Cores. Page 1.
Report to Congress, January 2014.
Office of Naval Reactors. US Dept. of Energy. DC 2058
http://fissilematerials.org/library/doe14.pdf
Read the excerpt below taken from the text. “[…] because of their demonstrated safety and reliability, these ships have access to seaports throughout the world.” Choose the alternative that presents the words that would better translate, respectively, the ones in bold and underlined.
Apesar de se saber que a classificação dos atos administrativos não é uniforme entre os publicistas, haja vista que os atos administrativos podem ser objeto de múltiplas classificações, conforme o critério em função do qual sejam agrupados, ela é útil para sistematizar o estudo e facilitar a compreensão. Sobre os atos administrativos negociais (classificação usada por Hely L. Meirelles) ou in specie (classificação usada por Celso A. B. de Mello), assinale a alternativa correta.
Conforme o disposto no artigo 95, da Lei nº 8.112/1990, é correto afirmar que o servidor não poderá ausentar-se do País para estudo ou missão oficial, sem autorização do
Acerca das modalidades de delegação de serviços públicos, analise as assertivas abaixo. I.A permissão de serviço público é, em princípio, ato discricionário e precário. II.A permissão de serviço público será formalizada mediante contrato de adesão, que observará os termos da Lei nº 8.987/1995, das demais normas pertinentes e do edital de licitação. III.O contrato de concessão é ajuste de Direito Administrativo, bilateral, oneroso, comutativo e realizado intuitu personae. É correto o que se afirma em
O artigo 3º, da Lei nº 11.107/2005, dispõe que o consórcio público será constituído por contrato cuja celebração dependerá da prévia subscrição de protocolo de intenções. Já o artigo 4º da referida lei apresenta, em seus incisos, as cláusulas necessárias do protocolo de intenções. Tais cláusulas são, entre outras, as que estabelecem I.a indicação da área de atuação do consórcio. II.a previsão de que o consórcio público é associação pública ou pessoa jurídica de direito privado sem fins econômicos. III.a identificação dos entes da Federação consorciados. É correto o que está contido em
Acerca da legislação que trata dos convênios e contratos de repasse, analise as assertivas abaixo. I.Para efeitos do Decreto nº 6.170/2007, considera-se contrato de repasse instrumento administrativo, de interesse recíproco, por meio do qual a transferência dos recursos financeiros se processa por intermédio de instituição ou agente financeiro público federal, que atua como mandatário da União. II.É permitida, em alguns casos, a celebração de contratos de repasse com entidades privadas sem fins lucrativos que tenham como dirigente agente político de Poder ou do Ministério Público. III.A celebração de convênio pelos órgãos ou entidades da Administração Pública depende de prévia aprovação de plano de trabalho proposto pela organização interessada, o qual deverá conter, no mínimo, o rol de informações expresso na Lei nº 8.666/1993 (lei de licitações). É correto o que se afirma em
Com base na Lei nº 10.520/2002, que institui, no âmbito da União, dos Estados, do Distrito Federal e dos Municípios, nos termos do artigo 37, inciso XXI, da Constituição Federal de 1988, a modalidade de licitação denominada Pregão, para aquisição de bens e serviços comuns, assinale a alternativa correta.
A respeito dos direitos e das vantagens dos servidores públicos federais, baseados na Lei nº 8.112/1990, marque V para verdadeiro ou F para falso e, em seguida, assinale a alternativa que apresenta a sequência correta. ( ) Remuneração é o vencimento do cargo efetivo, acrescido das vantagens pecuniárias permanentes estabelecidas em lei. ( ) As faltas justificadas decorrentes de caso fortuito ou de força maior deverão ser compensadas. ( ) O servidor em débito com o erário, que for demitido, exonerado ou que tiver sua aposentadoria ou disponibilidade cassada, terá o prazo de 60 (sessenta) dias para quitar o débito. ( ) Constituem indenizações ao servidor, entre outras: adicional pelo exercício de atividades insalubres, perigosas ou penosas; ajuda de custo; e adicional noturno.
