2024 USHERED IN TWO FIRSTS FOR MILITARY WOMEN.
WE’RE ALL CELEBRATING.
American women kicked off 2024 with two milestones that flipped the script on the way society keeps judging, classifying and relating to us. The first happened in Annapolis, Maryland, where Vice Admiral Yvette Davids − a mother of twin boys with an Audrey Hepburn vibe − became the first woman to
lead the 178-year-old U.S. Naval Academy. Then, Air Force 2nd Lieutenant Madison Marsh became the newest Miss America, the first-active duty military officer to win the pageant. Beauty can have brains and brawn; brains and brawn can be beautiful. Take that, society.
Marsh’s crown matters more when it comes to her job in the Air Force. She busts the myth that women who do the jobs that used to be held only by men have to look and act like them. This is important at the Naval Academy, where some graduates watched Davids show compassion, a vivacious personality
and maternal pride as her kids cheered her on in a room full of military brass. “It was surreal,” said Sharon Hanley Disher, 65, one of the first women to graduate from the academy in 1980. She was at the ceremony promoting Davids, who called out the class of pioneers twice during her speech in Annapolis.
She couldn’t stop thinking about her first evening at the academy, back in 1976. “Miss Hanley, I don’t like women in my school,” an upperclassman told her, she recalled, pointing his finger in her face. “I don’t want women in my school. It will be my mission to make sure you’re long gone before I graduate.” She
graduated, and Davids, who graduated in 1989, thanked her and others for helping pave the way.
“A ship in port is safe, but that’s not what ships are built for,” said Davids in her welcome address, quoting the words of Admiral Grace Hopper. She will face doubt and challenges to her leadership. But besides proving that she can lead, she will be confronted with the opportunity to address women’s experience as
minorities in a school where they are just 28 percent of the student population.
Elizabeth Rowe, who was also in the class of 1980 with Hanley Disher, was celebrated as a pioneer in her small, Maryland farm town. When she went off to the academy, she was stunned by the hatred she faced when she got there. “While I knew it was first class and it was all male, I didn’t have any perspective. The
reaction we got − a sort of resentment, hatred, otherness, all of that − was unexpected. I spent four years just trying to get through it. The hazing and harassment − dead rats being left in mailboxes, the constant put-downs − were largely unaddressed by leaders,” she said.
Sadly, current students still face some of what she endured. Hanley Disher, who married a fellow graduate and again made history when all three of their children graduated from the academy, said she was thrilled to see her daughter have more congressionally mandated opportunities available to her. But she was
heartbroken when she heard that some of the old school misogyny was still there. “This one guy told my daughter a joke,” she recounted. He said: “What did the ugliest girl in the world say to the second ugliest girl in the world? What company are you in?”
Some of the women from the class of 1980 have never returned to the academy to celebrate milestones, as their colleagues took command in the Navy and rose in the ranks at the academy. They told Hanley Disher − when she reached out to them for reunions or events − that they can’t. But people change, places
change. During their 35th reunion, one of the men who was a primo harasser of women apologized to her. He told her that he has been living with guilt over the things he said and did, and wanted to apologize to all of them. So, Disher took him by the arm and said “Let’s go”. She accompanied him on his apology
tour, and then they cried about it at the bar.
PETULA DVORAK
Adaptado de washingtonpost.com, 15/01/2024.
Beauty can have brains and brawn; brains and brawn can be beautiful. (l. 5-6)
By stating the above, the author intends to question a certain view of beauty in relation to intelligence and physical strength.
This view is based on the notion of:
Um caminhão dos bombeiros, com massa de 18 toneladas, se desloca inicialmente com velocidade 
de módulo igual a 72 km/h. Após realizar uma curva, esse caminhão atinge a velocidade 
de módulo igual a 54 km/h. Observe a imagem:
Nessa situação, o módulo de variação da quantidade de movimento do caminhão, em 
De acordo com nota técnica do CBMERJ, os incêndios são divididos em cinco classes de fogo − A, B, C, D e K −, existindo, também, diferentes tipos de agente extintor de fogo, como água, espuma mecânica, dióxido de carbono, pós químicos e compostos halogenados. Com base nisso, considere um extintor A, contendo somente dióxido de carbono, e um extintor B, de pó químico, cujo principal agente é o di-hidrogenossal, formado na reação de neutralização parcial entre 
O sal presente no extintor B possui a seguinte fórmula química:
Para resgatar uma vítima, dois bombeiros precisaram entrar pela janela de um apartamento. Para isso, utilizaram o cesto da plataforma giratória do caminhão. Sabe-se que o centro do cesto está localizado a 16,0 m do centro giratório e que essa plataforma tem inclinação de 30º em relação à direção horizontal. Observe o esquema:
Admita que os dois bombeiros e o cesto formam um conjunto com massa de 0,3 tonelada e que apenas a plataforma giratória homogênea tenha massa de 0,6 tonelada.
O torque resultante desse sistema, em N.m, é aproximadamente igual a:
Ao realizar um atendimento, uma ambulância do Corpo de Bombeiros precisou estacionar em uma ladeira, onde o atrito não é desprezível, mantendo-se em repouso, como ilustra a imagem:
A sirene dessa ambulância emite som com velocidade de 330 m/s, em uma frequência de 550 Hz, e seus dois faróis dianteiros, que estão associados em paralelo, possuem cada um potência de 48 W e são alimentados por uma bateria de 12 V
A intensidade da corrente elétrica, em ampères, que se estabelece em cada farol dianteiro do veículo é igual a:
2024 USHERED IN TWO FIRSTS FOR MILITARY WOMEN.
WE’RE ALL CELEBRATING.
American women kicked off 2024 with two milestones that flipped the script on the way society keeps judging, classifying and relating to us. The first happened in Annapolis, Maryland, where Vice Admiral Yvette Davids − a mother of twin boys with an Audrey Hepburn vibe − became the first woman to
lead the 178-year-old U.S. Naval Academy. Then, Air Force 2nd Lieutenant Madison Marsh became the newest Miss America, the first-active duty military officer to win the pageant. Beauty can have brains and brawn; brains and brawn can be beautiful. Take that, society.
Marsh’s crown matters more when it comes to her job in the Air Force. She busts the myth that women who do the jobs that used to be held only by men have to look and act like them. This is important at the Naval Academy, where some graduates watched Davids show compassion, a vivacious personality
and maternal pride as her kids cheered her on in a room full of military brass. “It was surreal,” said Sharon Hanley Disher, 65, one of the first women to graduate from the academy in 1980. She was at the ceremony promoting Davids, who called out the class of pioneers twice during her speech in Annapolis.
She couldn’t stop thinking about her first evening at the academy, back in 1976. “Miss Hanley, I don’t like women in my school,” an upperclassman told her, she recalled, pointing his finger in her face. “I don’t want women in my school. It will be my mission to make sure you’re long gone before I graduate.” She
graduated, and Davids, who graduated in 1989, thanked her and others for helping pave the way.
“A ship in port is safe, but that’s not what ships are built for,” said Davids in her welcome address, quoting the words of Admiral Grace Hopper. She will face doubt and challenges to her leadership. But besides proving that she can lead, she will be confronted with the opportunity to address women’s experience as
minorities in a school where they are just 28 percent of the student population.
Elizabeth Rowe, who was also in the class of 1980 with Hanley Disher, was celebrated as a pioneer in her small, Maryland farm town. When she went off to the academy, she was stunned by the hatred she faced when she got there. “While I knew it was first class and it was all male, I didn’t have any perspective. The
reaction we got − a sort of resentment, hatred, otherness, all of that − was unexpected. I spent four years just trying to get through it. The hazing and harassment − dead rats being left in mailboxes, the constant put-downs − were largely unaddressed by leaders,” she said.
Sadly, current students still face some of what she endured. Hanley Disher, who married a fellow graduate and again made history when all three of their children graduated from the academy, said she was thrilled to see her daughter have more congressionally mandated opportunities available to her. But she was
heartbroken when she heard that some of the old school misogyny was still there. “This one guy told my daughter a joke,” she recounted. He said: “What did the ugliest girl in the world say to the second ugliest girl in the world? What company are you in?”
Some of the women from the class of 1980 have never returned to the academy to celebrate milestones, as their colleagues took command in the Navy and rose in the ranks at the academy. They told Hanley Disher − when she reached out to them for reunions or events − that they can’t. But people change, places
change. During their 35th reunion, one of the men who was a primo harasser of women apologized to her. He told her that he has been living with guilt over the things he said and did, and wanted to apologize to all of them. So, Disher took him by the arm and said “Let’s go”. She accompanied him on his apology
tour, and then they cried about it at the bar.
PETULA DVORAK
Adaptado de washingtonpost.com, 15/01/2024.
They told Hanley Disher − when she reached out to them for reunions or events − that they can’t. (l. 34-35)
The underlined pronoun refers to women that are:
2024 USHERED IN TWO FIRSTS FOR MILITARY WOMEN.
WE’RE ALL CELEBRATING.
American women kicked off 2024 with two milestones that flipped the script on the way society keeps judging, classifying and relating to us. The first happened in Annapolis, Maryland, where Vice Admiral Yvette Davids − a mother of twin boys with an Audrey Hepburn vibe − became the first woman to
lead the 178-year-old U.S. Naval Academy. Then, Air Force 2nd Lieutenant Madison Marsh became the newest Miss America, the first-active duty military officer to win the pageant. Beauty can have brains and brawn; brains and brawn can be beautiful. Take that, society.
Marsh’s crown matters more when it comes to her job in the Air Force. She busts the myth that women who do the jobs that used to be held only by men have to look and act like them. This is important at the Naval Academy, where some graduates watched Davids show compassion, a vivacious personality
and maternal pride as her kids cheered her on in a room full of military brass. “It was surreal,” said Sharon Hanley Disher, 65, one of the first women to graduate from the academy in 1980. She was at the ceremony promoting Davids, who called out the class of pioneers twice during her speech in Annapolis.
She couldn’t stop thinking about her first evening at the academy, back in 1976. “Miss Hanley, I don’t like women in my school,” an upperclassman told her, she recalled, pointing his finger in her face. “I don’t want women in my school. It will be my mission to make sure you’re long gone before I graduate.” She
graduated, and Davids, who graduated in 1989, thanked her and others for helping pave the way.
“A ship in port is safe, but that’s not what ships are built for,” said Davids in her welcome address, quoting the words of Admiral Grace Hopper. She will face doubt and challenges to her leadership. But besides proving that she can lead, she will be confronted with the opportunity to address women’s experience as
minorities in a school where they are just 28 percent of the student population.
Elizabeth Rowe, who was also in the class of 1980 with Hanley Disher, was celebrated as a pioneer in her small, Maryland farm town. When she went off to the academy, she was stunned by the hatred she faced when she got there. “While I knew it was first class and it was all male, I didn’t have any perspective. The
reaction we got − a sort of resentment, hatred, otherness, all of that − was unexpected. I spent four years just trying to get through it. The hazing and harassment − dead rats being left in mailboxes, the constant put-downs − were largely unaddressed by leaders,” she said.
Sadly, current students still face some of what she endured. Hanley Disher, who married a fellow graduate and again made history when all three of their children graduated from the academy, said she was thrilled to see her daughter have more congressionally mandated opportunities available to her. But she was
heartbroken when she heard that some of the old school misogyny was still there. “This one guy told my daughter a joke,” she recounted. He said: “What did the ugliest girl in the world say to the second ugliest girl in the world? What company are you in?”
Some of the women from the class of 1980 have never returned to the academy to celebrate milestones, as their colleagues took command in the Navy and rose in the ranks at the academy. They told Hanley Disher − when she reached out to them for reunions or events − that they can’t. But people change, places
change. During their 35th reunion, one of the men who was a primo harasser of women apologized to her. He told her that he has been living with guilt over the things he said and did, and wanted to apologize to all of them. So, Disher took him by the arm and said “Let’s go”. She accompanied him on his apology
tour, and then they cried about it at the bar.
PETULA DVORAK
Adaptado de washingtonpost.com, 15/01/2024.
In relation to readers, the recounts shared throughout the text are intended to:
Considere uma função de variável real definida por 
O conjunto imagem dessa função é:
Na síndrome da autocervejaria, o sistema digestório produz etanol, levando à intoxicação do organismo. Para o tratamento, além do uso de medicamentos, indica-se reduzir a ingestão de diversos tipos de nutrientes que favorecem essa disfunção.
Um desses nutrientes é:
Doenças de orelha e garganta são tratadas pela mesma especialidade médica, a otorrinolaringologia, em função da origem desses órgãos a partir de estruturas comuns.
Tais estruturas são denominadas:
A empresa chinesa BYD ultrapassou a norte-americana Tesla como líder mundial em vendas de veículos elétricos no final de 2023, coroando sua ascensão extraordinária.
Com sede na megacidade de Shenzhen, a BYD foi fundada em 1995 e é a maior fabricante e veículos elétricos da China, exportando táxis elétricos, ônibus e outros veículos para o resto do mundo, especialmente para a Europa, América do Sul, Sudeste Asiático e Oriente Médio.
Adaptado de cnnbrasil.com.br, 03/01/2024.
Com base na leitura do texto e na análise do gráfico, uma explicação para a ascensão da fabricante de veículos elétricos destacada é a adoção da seguinte estratégia empresarial:
O primeiro abalo atingiu Lisboa na manhã do dia 1º de novembro de 1755. Minutos depois, outro ainda mais forte arrasou a cidade, seguido por um terceiro. Lisboa, uma das capitais mais imponentes da Europa, foi destruída em menos de 15 minutos. Então, um tsunâmi, arrastou milhares de pessoas e um vento implacável espalhou os focos de incêndio provocados pelos tremores. O terremoto em Portugal, na capital mais católica do continente, abalou as certezas intelectuais e religiosas que na época dominavam a Europa. Até 1755, as aflições que a natureza impunha sobre a humanidade eram consideradas obra de um Deus furioso. Após a catástrofe, o lugar de Deus
nas relações humanas começou a ser questionado. Voltaire, Pope, Kant e Rousseau, entre outras figuras eminentes, fizeram do acontecimento um veículo para expressar seus questionamentos. O jornalista Nicholas Shrady revela, em O último dia do mundo, que essa reação ao desastre natural é o que ainda hoje provoca grande fascínio.
Adaptado de amazon.com.br.
A sinopse do livro O último dia do mundo, que aborda o terremoto ocorrido em Lisboa em 1755, menciona questionamentos, suscitados pelo desastre, acerca do lugar que Deus ocupa nas relações humanas.
No contexto do terremoto, tais questionamentos fomentaram maior difusão de princípios advindos de:
No período analisado, a diferença dos percentuais da composição da matriz energética brasileira, em relação às médias mundiais, é explicada pelo seguinte fator:
No mapa-múndi acima, o planeta está representado com a real proporção de área dos continentes.
Para esse tipo de representação, é necessário o uso de projeção cartográfica com a seguinte propriedade:
“BOMBEIRO HERÓI”
O relógio marcava 18h30min e a escuridão era total na cidade completamente alagada de Eldorado do Sul, no Rio Grande do Sul. Por conta das enchentes, toda a distribuição de energia foi interrompida. No telefone, a voz desesperada da filha pede para que os bombeiros resgatem a mãe dela, que está acamada e inconsciente dentro da casa tomada pela água. Cada minuto era crucial porque o nível da água subia constantemente e deixava a situação ainda mais dramática.
A filha não estava no mesmo imóvel, mas acionou o resgate após ouvir da cuidadora da mãe que a água na rua já estava na altura da cintura. Assim que recebeu o chamado, Rudinei Silva dos Santos, comandante dos bombeiros voluntários de Eldorado do Sul, apanhou uma lanterna, vestiu uma roupa de mergulho e partiu com um barco a remo com sua equipe para o resgate que durou cerca de duas horas. Rudinei, cuja casa também ficou debaixo d’água, relatou o que passou nesse episódio da tragédia das inundações.
“(...) Quando a gente recebe um chamado, a gente já vai imaginando todas as situações com que a gente pode se deparar, qual é o tipo de equipamento que a gente pode levar, quais as pessoas de que a gente necessita. De quantos bombeiros a gente vai precisar no local, se a embarcação consegue chegar e se vamos precisar de uma viatura leve ou pesada.
Na triagem via telefone com a filha dessa pessoa, que estava em outra cidade, vimos que ela não sabia exatamente como estava a situação, o que é mais uma questão que a gente tem que levar em consideração. Porque a informação que ela está nos passando por telefone não é de quem está no local, então isso pode ser uma coisa boa ou pode ser uma surpresa que talvez faça com que a gente perca um pouco de tempo, pois a gente não sabe exatamente qual a magnitude e grandeza desse atendimento.
Mas como a pessoa nos relatou que a mãe dela, no caso, era uma pessoa de idade em estado terminal, sem movimentos e dependente de uma cuidadora que também já tinha certa idade, ela não conseguiria ir para um local mais seguro sozinha. Nessas condições, fomos até o local. (...)
Fomos remando até a casa. Nos identificamos como bombeiros e entrei primeiro para verificar a situação. A gente faz uma análise de toda a cinemática e aí retornamos para a equipe. Como a gente verificou que seria possível passar o colchão pela porta onde ela estava, entramos e deixamos o barco ancorado próximo à entrada da casa. Quando chegamos ao local, a altura da água já estava encostando no colchão e ele já estava flutuando um pouco. (...)
A vítima era uma senhora, que tinha em torno de 70 anos e se alimentava por sonda, além de não se movimentar. Pelo tempo acamada, tinha os membros muito enrijecidos, o que não facilitava a mobilidade. A gente teve que colocar um cobertor por baixo dela, com muito cuidado, vários bombeiros que estavam submersos a suspenderam. Colocamos ela em cima do colchão novamente e fomos puxando o colchão sobre a água, cuidando para que ele não afundasse.
O desafio seguinte foi passar pela porta porque ela era bem estreita. Então apertamos um pouco a lateral do colchão para que ele dobrasse levemente e pudesse passar. Com todo o cuidado, a gente fez esse movimento de lateralização sempre com cuidado com o tubo de oxigênio dela. Levá-la de barco até o hospital também foi um desafio, um desafio colocá-la em cima do barco. Sem dizer que esse não é o meio mais adequado para fazer o transporte de uma vítima com essa necessidade. Fizemos o caminho até a ambulância, que nos aguardava numa área seca, com muito cuidado, pois tudo estava completamente escuro, e as águas turbulentas.
(...) Foi perigoso e bem complexo. Demandou bastante trabalho da equipe. Foram cinco bombeiros envolvidos, além da equipe da ambulância. (...) Sem dúvida, as enchentes foram a maior ocorrência que a gente já enfrentou. (...)”
FELIPE SOUZA e FERNANDO OTTO
Adaptado de bbc.com, 16/05/2024.
Rudinei, cuja casa também ficou debaixo d’água, relatou o que passou nesse episódio da tragédia das inundações. (l. 9-10)
No período acima, a oração sublinhada apresenta um dos conteúdos selecionados para compor a notícia.
A classificação dessa oração e uma justificativa para sua inserção na notícia estão apresentadas em:
