Questões de Concurso – Aprova Concursos

A violência intrafamiliar é algo que se apresenta com certa frequência nos casos atendidos pelas equipes interprofissionais no campo jurídico.

Analise as afirmativas a seguir, considerando V para a(s) verdadeira(s) e F para a(s) falsa(s):

I. A violência é um fenômeno polissêmico e complexo que pode se manifestar de formas variadas e conexas entre si e, na medida em que se realimentam mutuamente, contribuem para uma escalada global da violência, com prejuízos para a saúde do indivíduo e para a saúde coletiva.
II. A definição adotada oficialmente no Brasil considera a intencionalidade como critério para qualificar o ato como violento.
III. Há um nexo causal entre o ato violento e determinados sintomas que a criança apresenta, efeitos daquele ato, dentro de um período de tempo previsível.

Mariana, 70 anos, é aposentada e decidiu retornar ao mercado de trabalho.

A atuação profissional do psicólogo nas políticas públicas, com base na perspectiva dos direitos humanos, deve se caracterizar por:

I. avaliar o indivíduo na seleção de empregos e progressão escolar;
II. voltar-se para o rompimento dos padrões normativos e opressores da diversidade humana;
III. considerar a dimensão subjetiva no trabalho junto às políticas públicas.

Here’s why we’ll never be able to build a brain in a computer

It’s easy to equate brains and computers – they’re both thinking machines, after all. But the comparison doesn’t really stand up to closer inspection, as Dr. Lisa Feldman Barrett reveals.

People often describe the brain as a computer, as if neurons are like hardware and the mind is software. But this metaphor is deeply flawed.

A computer is built from static parts, whereas your brain constantly rewires itself as you age and learn. A computer stores information in files that are retrieved exactly, but brains don’t store information in any literal sense. Your memory is a constant construction of electrical pulses and swirling chemicals, and the same remembrance can be reassembled in different ways at different times.

Brains also do something critical that computers today can’t. A computer can be trained with thousands of photographs to recognise a dandelion as a plant with green leaves and yellow petals. You, however, can look at a dandelion and understand that in different situations it belongs to different categories. A dandelion in your vegetable garden is a weed, but in a bouquet from your child it’s a delightful flower. A dandelion in a salad is food, but people also consume dandelions as herbal medicine.

In other words, your brain effortlessly categorises objects by their function, not just their physical form. Some scientists believe that this incredible ability of the brain, called ad hoc category construction, may be fundamental to the way brains work.

Also, unlike a computer, your brain isn’t a bunch of parts in an empty case. Your brain inhabits a body, a complex web of systems that include over 600 muscles in motion, internal organs, a heart that pumps 7,500 litres of blood per day, and dozens of hormones and other chemicals, all of which must be coordinated, continually, to digest food, excrete waste, provide energy and fight illness.[…]

If we want a computer that thinks, feels, sees or acts like us, it must regulate a body – or something like a body – with a complex collection of systems that it must keep in balance to continue operating, and with sensations to keep that regulation in check. Today’s computers don’t work this way, but perhaps some engineers can come up with something that’s enough like a body to provide this necessary ingredient.

For now, ‘brain as computer’ remains just a metaphor. Metaphors can be wonderful for explaining complex topics in simple terms, but they fail when people treat the metaphor as an explanation. Metaphors provide the illusion of knowledge.

(Adapted from https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/can-we-build-brain-computer/ Published: 24^th October, 2021, retrieved on February 9^th, 2022)

O administrador de rede local do Tribunal de Justiça (TJ) está executando um processo licitatório de forma a obter uma consultoria sobre a arquitetura da sua rede. O objetivo do certame é identificar os problemas existentes na arquitetura em uso e o modelo utilizado. A consultoria notou que o modelo da arquitetura não consegue descrever outra pilha de protocolo senão a existente, não faz distinção entre as camadas físicas e de enlace de dados, e não diferencia claramente os conceitos de serviço, interface e protocolo.