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The woman who caused the incident on Xiamen Air Flight MF8215 was

Choose the alternative that has the sentence “...he was held by Thai authorities for one day and given a fine of 500 baht…” (paragraph 4) correctly changed into active voice

Text 3A9-I

     Amazon said Monday it will begin selling the cashierless checkout technology that powers its Go stores to other retailers. The “Just Walk Out” technology enables shoppers to “take what they want and leave” without the need to stop and stand in a checkout line. Cameras and other sensors through the store monitor which items shoppers take with them and charge them automatically when they leave.
     Amazon told CNBC it has already inked several deals with retailers interested in bringing the cashierless technology to their stores. An Amazon spokesperson declined to comment on which companies plan to use the technology or how much Amazon is charging them to use it. Amazon said it takes a few weeks for it to install the cashierless technology in retailers’ stores, depending on whether it’s being implemented in a new or existing store. For existing stores, Amazon said it will “work with retailer to install the technology while minimizing impact on current operations.”
     Unlike at Amazon Go stores, where users scan the Go app on a turnstile when they enter, shoppers scan their credit card on the turnstile at a store with the Just Walk Out technology. If shoppers need a receipt, they can visit a kiosk at the store and enter their email address, Amazon said. A receipt will be automatically sent to their email address the next time they visit any store with the cashierless technology.
     Amazon can tailor marketing and gain valuable insights into customer purchasing habits by tracking activity at its Go stores. However, Amazon said it won’t collect any other user data beyond a shopper’s email in order to send receipts. “Shoppers can think of this as similar to typical security camera
footage,” Amazon added.
     The move comes as Amazon continues to build out its network of 25 Go stores across the country. Last month, Amazon launched its first, full-size, cashierless supermarket, called Go Grocery, not far from its Seattle headquarters. CNBC previously reported Amazon is considering bringing the technology to airport shops and movie theaters.
     Amazon said its Go stores will begin acccaepting cash last year after the company came under fire for discriminating against the unbanked. Amazon told CNBC it will be up to retailers to decide whether they want to accept cash at stores that license the company’s Just Walk Out technology. Some states, like New Jersey, have new laws banning stores that don’t accept cash.

Internet: <www.cnbc.com> (adapted).

It can be concluded from the text 3A9-I that

   The body of officers representing the civil authority of government is known as police. Police typically are responsible for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities. These functions are known as policing. Police are often also entrusted with various licensing and regulatory activities. However, police scholars have criticized this popular understanding of the word “police” — that it refers to members of a public organization having the legal competence to maintain order and enforce the law — for two reasons. First, it defines police by their ends rather than by the specific means that they use to achieve their goals. Second, the variety of situations in which police are asked to intervene is much greater than law enforcement and order maintenance.
   There is now a consensus among researchers that the common feature among all the different agencies engaged in policing is the legal competence to enforce coercive, nonnegotiable measures to resolve problematic situations. Such situations are characterized by their potential for harm and the need to solve them urgently before they develop that potential. Hence, the actual use of coercion or the threat of using it allows police to put a quick, nonnegotiated, and conclusive end to problematic situations.
 
Internet: <www.britannica.com> (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.

In the first paragraph, the excerpt “that it refers to members of a public organization having the legal competence to maintain order and enforce the law” reinforces which meaning of the word “police” is condemned by police scholars.

   The landscape where the São Francisco River enters the Atlantic Ocean seems so out of place it makes one wonder if this is still coastal Brazil. White sand dunes stretch as far as the eye can see; clusters of cashew trees throw flickering shadows like ocean waves on the sand.
   Here among these shifting dunes formerly enslaved men and women founded the Pixaim Quilombo near the mouth of the river. They developed a reliable sustainable lifestyle and community well attuned to the dynamic, always changing estuary.
   But it is a lifestyle utterly dependent on the São Francisco River; reliant on the planting of rice in marshes downstream and on catching plentiful freshwater fish upstream.
Now, varied and growing water demands by upstream dams and other users are threatening the long-established quilombo lifestyle — demands that experts predict will worsen severely in Brazil’s Northeast.
   “We used to catch fish that were meters long, but now you have to go much farther up the river to find them,” remembers 84-year-old Aladim, who lives in Pixaim. “The fish left, so the people left,” he remarks.
 
Internet: <news.mongabay.com> (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.

In the last paragraph, the word “who” refers to “Aladim”.

   The landscape where the São Francisco River enters the Atlantic Ocean seems so out of place it makes one wonder if this is still coastal Brazil. White sand dunes stretch as far as the eye can see; clusters of cashew trees throw flickering shadows like ocean waves on the sand.
   Here among these shifting dunes formerly enslaved men and women founded the Pixaim Quilombo near the mouth of the river. They developed a reliable sustainable lifestyle and community well attuned to the dynamic, always changing estuary.
   But it is a lifestyle utterly dependent on the São Francisco River; reliant on the planting of rice in marshes downstream and on catching plentiful freshwater fish upstream.
Now, varied and growing water demands by upstream dams and other users are threatening the long-established quilombo lifestyle — demands that experts predict will worsen severely in Brazil’s Northeast.
   “We used to catch fish that were meters long, but now you have to go much farther up the river to find them,” remembers 84-year-old Aladim, who lives in Pixaim. “The fish left, so the people left,” he remarks.
 
Internet: <news.mongabay.com> (adapted).

Based on the previous text, judge the following item.

The sentence ‘The fish left, so the people left’ (last paragraph) shows how much the river determines people's lives in the community of Pixaim.

In the sentence fragment of the fifth paragraph “Designing robots for sports requires much more than experts in state-of-the-art technology”, the words in bold can be replaced, without any change in meaning, by the following words:

The overall purpose of the text is

One of the purposes of the text is to confirm that the report determines the

Based on the text above, judge the item below.

When people are fixated on something for a while, there might be a chance of that thing being in movement.

The word “void”, in bold in the text, is closest in meaning to

The lion and the four bulls

Clarke, M.

    A lion used to walk about a field in which four bulls lived. Many times he tried to attack them, but whenever he came near, they turned their tails toward one another so that whichever way the lion tried to attack, he would have to face the horns of one of them.
    At last, however, the bulls started arguing with each other, and each went off to a different part of the field by himself. Then the lion attacked them one by one and soon had killed all four.

Ann Arbor: The University of Michigan Press, 1996.p.138

In the fragment “At last, however, the bulls...”, the word however means the same as:

In the sentence “Either mom’s cooking dinner or somebody got sick at home.”, the expression either...or gives an idea of:

“Why do bees fuss about so much when they fly?”. The singular of this sentence is:

In the sentence “And the store doesn’t accept cash, just good deeds.” (paragraph 1), the word deeds means

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