Read the following excerpt and answer questions 53, 54 and 55:
Whereas General English Language teaching tends to set out from point A toward an often
pretty indeterminate destination, setting sail through largely uncharted waters, ESP aims to
speed learners through to a known destination. The emphasis in ESP on going from A to B
in the most time- and energy-efficient manner can lead to the view that ESP is an
essentially practical endeavor. Nevertheless, within ESP there are proposals and
counterproposals, arguments and counterarguments about the nature of the destination
(views of what is meant by knowing a language for special purposes) and the best way of
getting there (views of learning and teaching). Thus, although practical in orientation, ESP,
like any other language teaching enterprise, is based on ideas about the nature of
language, learning, and teaching.
Source: BASTURKMEN, Helen. Ideas and options in English for specific purposes. Mahwah: Lawrence
Erlbaum Associates, Inc., Publishers, 2006. p. 9
According to Basturkmen, ESP
