Questões de Concurso – Aprova Concursos

Read Text I and answer the six questions that follow it:

Text I

                              Office Culture
Companies are clawing to bring back pre-pandemic perks and that 'family' 
feeling – but employees want something more tangible.

     Many employers are calling employees back into offices, trying 
to restore the workplace of pre-pandemic days. Along with filling 
seats, they're also looking to bring back another relic: office 
culture.
      Pre-2020, office culture was synonymous with the 'cool' office: 
think places to lounge, stocked pantries and in-office happy hours 
that went all out; or luxe retreats and team-building exercises 
meant to foster the feeling of 'family'. In past years, these perks 
drew many workers to the office – in some cases, entire companies 
defined themselves by their office cultures.
      The world of work looks and feels entirely different than just a 
few years ago – yet many companies are still intent on recreating 
the office cultures workers left behind as they abandoned their 
desks in 2020. While these companies are making some gestures 
to adapt – for instance, redesigning spaces to accommodate new 
preferences and hybrid-work habits – many are still set on bringing 
back what lured in workers before the pandemic.
      Yet swaths of employees simply aren't interested in going 
backward. Instead of trust-falls and cold brew on tap, employees 
are demanding flexible work, equitable pay and a focus on 
humanity in the workplace that transcends the perks they sought 
years earlier.
      Workers' shifting priorities are a natural consequence of the 
Covid-19 pandemic, says Georgina Fraser, head of human capital 
for global commercial real-estate firm CBRE. "The pandemic gave 
us autonomy in a way that we haven't had previously," she says. 
"It gave us the opportunity to choose how we structured our 
working days."
      And now that workers have experienced that level of work-life 
balance, they won't settle for less. Fraser adds: "Post-pandemic, 
we saw a resurgence of people being very vocal about what they 
wanted and needed, not just from office culture, but from the 
wider world."
      Now, she says, workers aren't shy about "wanting to be seen 
as a whole human – and that filters down to their physical location, 
how [employers] manage them, what support they receive and 
how [employers] integrate technologies between home and office 
in order to support them".
     One major factor in this changing attitude is that many 
employees feel office culture simply isn't applicable in a remote and hybrid-first world, where the physical office can feel 
superfluous. Now that the workplace doesn't serve as the culture 
hub it once did, "companies have really struggled to redefine the 
role of the office", says Lewis Beck, CBRE's head of workplace for 
Europe. Office culture that was once meant to get employees 
excited doesn't have the same pull when workplaces are only one third full.
Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20240229-office-culture-is dead w

Text II

                    A river in flux
     MANAUS, BRAZIL—Jochen Schöngart darts back and forth 
along an escarpment just above the Amazon River, a short water 
taxi ride from downtown Manaus, Brazil. It’s still early this October 
morning in 2023, but it’s already hot and his face is beaded with 
sweat. “Look, there’s a piece of ceramic!” he says, nodding to a 
worn shard lodged between boulders, likely a relic of an earlier 
civilization. It’s not the only one.
     Schöngart, a forest scientist at the National Institute of 
Amazon Research (INPA), stoops and stares at the bedrock at his 
feet. Well below the river’s normal level for this time of year, the 
rock bears a gallery of life-size faces, perhaps carved during a 
megadrought 1000 years ago. Now, they have been exposed again 
by a new drought, the worst in the region’s modern history.
     In the previous 4 months, only a few millimeters of rain have 
fallen in this city of 2 million at the confluence of the Negro and 
Amazon rivers. Normally it gets close to a half a meter during the 
same period. The Amazon sank steadily beginning in June, as it 
does most years during the dry season. But by mid-October, the 
port’s river gauge reached the lowest level observed since the 
record began in 1902. Freighters coming up from the Atlantic 
Ocean—the city’s primary supply line—were blocked by shoals. 
Factories furloughed workers.
     Making matters worse, the drought coincided with a series of 
week-long heat waves. In September and October, withering 
conditions persisted across the Amazon, and temperatures here 
peaked at 39°C, 6°C above normal. Desiccated jungle set ablaze by 
farmers enveloped the city in choking smoke. Then, in the season’s 
most freakish episode, a sandstorm blotted out the Sun.
     Drought and heat are only half of the story of the changes 
unfolding in the heart of the world’s largest rainforest. Schöngart 
and collaborators’ research on the river here has shown that for 
decades, while dry-season low water has been plummeting, rainyseason high water has been rising. The city has experienced 
frequent major flooding in recent years because of heavy rains 
across much of the Amazon Basin, forcing the officials to erect 
temporary wooden walkways above streets of the historic 
waterfront.

     Schöngart and other researchers expect such changes to 
intensify as global climate warms. The current drought provided a 
grim preview, killing river dolphins and fish, and threatening 
livelihoods for communities along the river. If the combination of 
higher highs and lower lows becomes the new norm, the 
ramifications could extend throughout the Amazon Basin and even 
beyond, threatening the very existence of the forest—which 
harbors much of the planet’s biodiversity, has a far-reaching 
influence over regional and global climate, and sustains millions of 
people.

    “We are undergoing massive changes in the hydrological 
cycle” of the Amazon Basin, Schöngart says. The question now, he 
says, is whether its ecosystems and people can adapt.
Adapted from: https://www.science.org/content/article/amazon-river-may-altered-forever-climate-change 

Text I

                              Office Culture
Companies are clawing to bring back pre-pandemic perks and that 'family' 
feeling – but employees want something more tangible.

     Many employers are calling employees back into offices, trying 
to restore the workplace of pre-pandemic days. Along with filling 
seats, they're also looking to bring back another relic: office 
culture.
      Pre-2020, office culture was synonymous with the 'cool' office: 
think places to lounge, stocked pantries and in-office happy hours 
that went all out; or luxe retreats and team-building exercises 
meant to foster the feeling of 'family'. In past years, these perks 
drew many workers to the office – in some cases, entire companies 
defined themselves by their office cultures.
      The world of work looks and feels entirely different than just a 
few years ago – yet many companies are still intent on recreating 
the office cultures workers left behind as they abandoned their 
desks in 2020. While these companies are making some gestures 
to adapt – for instance, redesigning spaces to accommodate new 
preferences and hybrid-work habits – many are still set on bringing 
back what lured in workers before the pandemic.
      Yet swaths of employees simply aren't interested in going 
backward. Instead of trust-falls and cold brew on tap, employees 
are demanding flexible work, equitable pay and a focus on 
humanity in the workplace that transcends the perks they sought 
years earlier.
      Workers' shifting priorities are a natural consequence of the 
Covid-19 pandemic, says Georgina Fraser, head of human capital 
for global commercial real-estate firm CBRE. "The pandemic gave 
us autonomy in a way that we haven't had previously," she says. 
"It gave us the opportunity to choose how we structured our 
working days." And now that workers have experienced that level of work-life 
balance, they won't settle for less. Fraser adds: "Post-pandemic, 
we saw a resurgence of people being very vocal about what they 
wanted and needed, not just from office culture, but from the 
wider world."
      Now, she says, workers aren't shy about "wanting to be seen 
as a whole human – and that filters down to their physical location, 
how [employers] manage them, what support they receive and 
how [employers] integrate technologies between home and office 
in order to support them".

       One major factor in this changing attitude is that many 
employees feel office culture simply isn't applicable in a remote and hybrid-first world, where the physical office can feel 
superfluous. Now that the workplace doesn't serve as the culture 
hub it once did, "companies have really struggled to redefine the 
role of the office", says Lewis Beck, CBRE's head of workplace for 
Europe. Office culture that was once meant to get employees 
excited doesn't have the same pull when workplaces are only one third full.
Adapted from: https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20240229-office-culture-is dead 

O DNS (Domain Name System) é vital para redes de computadores, pois realiza a tradução de nomes de domínio para endereços IP, 
facilitando a comunicação e navegação por essas redes. Um dos serviços de resolução de nomes mais conhecidos é o BIND 
(Berkeley Internet Name Domain).
O conteúdo do arquivo de configuração da zona “exemplo.com”, da empresa Exemplo, que está sendo executado por este servidor 
de DNS, é apresentado a seguir.