Text 1A2-II
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. About 6-7 million people worldwide are estimated to be infected with T. cruzi. The disease is found mainly in endemic areas of 21 continental Latin American countries, where it has been mostly transmitted to humans and other mammals by contact with feces or urine of triatomine bugs (vector-borne), known as kissing bugs, among many other popular names, depending on the geographical area.
Chagas disease is named after Carlos Ribeiro Justiniano Chagas, a Brazilian physician and researcher who discovered the disease in 1909. Chagas disease was once entirely confined to continental rural areas of the Region of the Americas (excluding the Caribbean islands). Due to increased population mobility over previous decades, most infected people now live in urban settings and the infection has been increasingly detected in the United States of America, Canada, and many European and some African, Eastern Mediterranean and Western Pacific countries.
Chagas disease’s transmission is caused by T. cruzi parasites, which are mainly transmitted by contact with feces/urine of infected blood-sucking triatomine bugs. Normally they hide during the day and become active at night when they feed on animal blood, including human blood. They usually bite an exposed area of skin such as the face (hence its common name, kissing bug), and the bug defecates or urinates close to the bite. The parasites enter the body when the person instinctively smears the bug’s feces or urine into the bite, other skin breaks, the eyes, or the mouth. T. cruzi can also be transmitted by consumption of food or beverages contaminated with T. cruzi through, for example, contact with feces or urine of infected triatomine bugs or common opossums. This kind of transmission typically causes outbreaks with more severe cases and mortality; passage from an infected mother to her newborn during pregnancy or childbirth; blood or blood product transfusion from infected donors; some organ transplants using organs from infected donors; and laboratory accidents.
Internet: (adapted).
Choose the option in which is presented an expression that could correctly replace “Due to” (third sentence of the second paragraph of text 1A2-II).
Choose the alternative that correctly substitutes next to in the sentence “...about the rules when sitting next to the emergency exit…” (paragraph 2).
The correct prepositions that complete the sentences in the text above, respectively, are:
Complete the sentence below with the correct preposition. Choose the CORRECT answer.
Read the following sentences about Paolo:
1- He is fond ____ traveling around the USA.
2- He is keen ____ visiting new places.
3- He likes hanging ____ with his friends.
Choose the option that presents the correct prepositions that complete the sentences above, respectively:
Complete the sentence with the correct preposition.
“ Please pay attention and make sure you’re ____________ time for the doctor’s appointment.”
As far as grammar is concerned and based on the text, mark the following item as right (C) or wrong (E).
Another correct preposition used with the verb “Compared” (line 2) is with, as in “to compare with”.
There are five common terms (adverbs or prepositions) normally used when expressing or telling the time, in English, which are, among the following:
All the sentences are correct, EXCEPT one. Choose the INCORRECT answer.
Assinale a alternativa que preenche, correta e respec-tivamente, as lacunas das linhas 11, 18 e 39.
Mark the option that correctly completes the numbered blanks (31 - 40) in Text I.
Choose the correct answer to complete the frases:
1- We are very excited _________ our trip to Spain next week.
2- I am very fond __________ drinking green tea.
3- Almost all politicians were involved ___________ the scandal.
4- I am looking forward ________ having a meeting with you next week.
Choose the CORRECT answer.
“There is a tree, you and another tree, so that means that you are ________ the trees."
Mark the option that correctly completes the numbered blanks (31 - 40) in Text I.
Complete the sentence below with the correct prepositions, respectively. Choose the CORRECT answer.
“I'm flying to Spain ______ 8 o'clock _____ the morning _______the 22nd of April."
