1

Decide whether the statements below, concerning the ideas and the vocabulary of text III, are right (C) or wrong (E).

According to the text, the foreign minister Laurent Fabius was appointed immediately after Mrs. Alliot-Marie's term.

2
   The body of officers representing the civil authority of government is known as police. Police typically are responsible for maintaining public order and safety, enforcing the law, and preventing, detecting, and investigating criminal activities. These functions are known as policing. Police are often also entrusted with various licensing and regulatory activities. However, police scholars have criticized this popular understanding of the word “police” — that it refers to members of a public organization having the legal competence to maintain order and enforce the law — for two reasons. First, it defines police by their ends rather than by the specific means that they use to achieve their goals. Second, the variety of situations in which police are asked to intervene is much greater than law enforcement and order maintenance.
   There is now a consensus among researchers that the common feature among all the different agencies engaged in policing is the legal competence to enforce coercive, nonnegotiable measures to resolve problematic situations. Such situations are characterized by their potential for harm and the need to solve them urgently before they develop that potential. Hence, the actual use of coercion or the threat of using it allows police to put a quick, nonnegotiated, and conclusive end to problematic situations.
 
Internet: <www.britannica.com> (adapted).

Based on the text above, judge the following item.

According to the view presented in the second paragraph, the main characteristic of police agencies is the competence to deal with potentially harmful circumstances.

3

Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text IV, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).

According to the text, automated trading and other new technologies have made financial economics hegemonic among traders as a tool to interpret the gyrations of the financial market.

4

Decide whether the following statements are right (C) or wrong (E) according to text IV.

According to the text, the fact that social origin was not as easy to identify based on the koine of eighteenth-century Americans as was the case with contemporary Britons reflected the early American colonies' egalitarian ethos.

5

Judge the following item according to the ideas of the previous text and its linguistic aspects.

The deletion of “do" in “Different theoretical interpretations do, however, shed light" (R. 22 and 23) would not change the meaning of the fragment.

6

Based on the ideas and linguistic aspects of the text above, judge the item below.

The sentence: “For some people, it is acquired as a first language" (R.15) can be correctly rewritten as For some people, it has acquired as a first language.

7

Judge the following item according to the ideas of the previous text and its linguistic aspects.

According to the text, the source of motivation is found inside a person.

8

Considering the ideas and the vocabulary of text II, decide whether the statements below are right (C) or wrong (E).

After all stages of the Civil and Diplomatic Service entrance exams, the number of candidates admitted was around 20.

9

In text IV, without altering the general meaning of the sentence, "pinpoint" (l.10) could be replaced by (mark right — C — or wrong — E)

convey

10

Concerning the previous text and its linguistic aspects, judge the following item.

The fragment “to play a key role in" (R.21) can be correctly rewritten as to have a leading part in, without changing the meaning of the text.

11

In the text CB3A1AAA,

the verb “realize” (l7) can be replaced by accomplish without any change in the meaning of the sentence.
12



Judge the following item, concerning the vocabulary used in text 5A7-I.

The word “undisputed" (R.30) may be replaced by unquestioned, without altering the meaning of the sentence.

13

On the ideas of the text and the vocabulary used in it, judge the next items.

In line 9, “unless” can be correctly replaced by except if.
14

Considering the grammatical and semantic aspects of text V, decide whether the following items are right (C) or wrong (E).

The word “enjoined" (l.27) cannot be replaced by endorsed in this particular context.

15



Judge the following item, concerning the vocabulary used in text 5A7-I.

The phrase unprecedented suffering conveys the same idea as “untold suffering" (R.6).